A trigger finger or trigger thumb is a common condition that causes the finger to snap or lock. The medical term for this condition is Stenosing Tenosynovitis.
Flexor tendons are in the hand and are responsible for bending the fingers. Local swelling from inflammation or scarring of the tendon sheath (covering) around the flexor tendons causes trigger finger. When the sheath is inflamed, the tendon has less space to move, and it tends to catch instead of glide. In advanced cases, the space is greatly reduced, causing the tendon to get stuck while moving.
Risk Factors
· Work requiring repetitive movements of fingers, like computer or factory work.
· Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis
· Diabetes
· Hypothyroidism
Symptoms
· Snapping or popping sensation on moving the finger or thumb.
· Pain or stiffness
· Soreness/ tender lump at the base of the finger
· Restricted movements
· In severe cases – locking (Finger has to be straightened with the other hand)
Treatment
At home treatment
· Take a break from repetitive movements (if possible) for 4-6 weeks.
· Apply ice to reduce the swelling.
· Wearing a brace prevents repetitive movements and promotes healing.
· Gentle finger stretching to enhance range of motion.
Steroid Injection
· Effective in early cases.
· Given at the base of the finger.
· Resolves symptoms for a few days to weeks.
Release
· Painless, suture-less, scarless.
· Reserved if other options fail.
· Under local anesthesia, the pulley obstructing the tendon is released. After the release, the tendon starts to move freely.
· Recovery is fast.
Check out the video. The Patient had a trigger thumb. The release was done, and normal movements were regained immediately.